Книга - Collins Gem

Collins Gem
Collins Dictionaries


You will never be lost for words in your travels around Spain and the Spanish islands again! Your ideal travel companion will ensure that you can say what you need in Spanish with ease and confidence.Reliable and easy-to-use, this phrasebook is an indispensable travel companion as you deal with the situations that crop up every day on holiday; from finding a chic hotel, or hiring a car to explore the countryside, to choosing a local delicacy from the menu, and, of course, setting up your wifi.With helpful travel information and cultural tips, plus a 3000-word dictionary, make sure you don’t go anywhere without this little ebook – an essential guide to speaking and understanding Spanish when travelling in Spain and the Spanish islands.













Copyright (#ulink_b25993f5-6894-5860-88fa-90652766be52)

HarperCollins Publishers

Westerhill Road

Bishopbriggs

Glasgow G64 2QT

Fourth Edition 2016

© HarperCollins Publishers 1993, 2007, 2010, 2016

Source ISBN: 9780008135942

Ebook Edition © March 2016 ISBN: 9780008163501

Version: 2016-03-01

Collins® and Collins Gem® are registered trademarks of HarperCollins Publishers Limited

www.collinsdictionary.com (http://www.collinsdictionary.com)

All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.

Entered words that we have reason to believe constitute trademarks have been designated as such. However, neither the presence nor absence of such designation should be regarded as affecting the legal status of any trademark.

The contents of this publication are believed correct at the time of creation. Nevertheless the Publisher can accept no responsibility for errors or omissions, changes in the detail given or for any expense or loss thereby caused.

HarperCollins does not warrant that any website mentioned in this title will be provided uninterrupted, that any website will be error free, that defects will be corrected, or that the website or the server that makes it available are free of viruses or bugs. For full terms and conditions please refer to the site terms provided on the website.


Acknowledgements (#ulink_eb67231e-c42e-5854-9529-441eab4915b0)

We would like to thank those authors and publishers who kindly gave permission for copyright material to be used in the Collins Corpus. We would also like to thank Times Newspapers Ltd for providing valuable data.

If you would like to comment on any aspect of this book, please contact us at the given address or online.

E-mail: dictionaries@harpercollins.co.uk (mailto:dictionaries@harpercollins.co.uk)




facebook.com/collinsdictionary (http://www.facebook.com/collinsdictionary)




@collinsdict (https://twitter.com/collinsdict)

Editor

Holly Tarbet

Contributors

José A. Gálvez

Sinda López Fuentes

David White

For the Publisher

Gerry Breslin

Janice McNeillie

Helen Newstead


Using your phrasebook (#ulink_2d6a0cde-0108-5765-bf90-5b526cdbfdcb)

Whether you’re on holiday or on business, your Collins Gem Phrasebook and Dictionary is designed to help you locate the exact phrase you need, when you need it. You’ll also gain the confidence to go beyond what is in the book, as you can adapt the phrases by using the dictionary section to substitute your own words.

The Gem Phrasebook and Dictionary includes:

• Over 60 topics arranged thematically, so that you can easily find an expression to suit the situation

• Simple pronunciation which accompanies each word and phrase, to make sure you are understood when speaking aloud

• Tips to safeguard against any cultural faux pas, providing the essential dos and don’ts of local customs or etiquette

• A basic grammar section which will help you to build on your phrases

• FACE TO FACE dialogue sections to give you a flavour of what to expect from a real conversation

• A handy map of the country which shows the major cities and how to pronounce them

• YOU MAY HEAR sections for common announcements and messages, so that you don’t miss important information when out and about

• A user-friendly 3000 word dictionary to ensure you’ll never be stuck for something to say

• A short chapter of LIFELINE phrases for quick reference. These basic words and phrases will be essential to your time abroad

Before you jet off, it’s worth spending time looking through the topics to see what is covered and becoming familiar with pronunciation.


Contents

Copyright (#ulink_e88138a1-438b-519d-bb98-6e4f10e38483)

Acknowledgements (#ulink_de403a45-4b64-5173-a078-21fd2ce25af5)

Using your phrasebook (#ulink_6048e62a-86ef-5ad3-8fff-285225b44cee)

Pronouncing Spanish (#ulink_bb25e8fc-be85-5d76-81bf-6db005c2dd16)

Top ten tips (#ulink_a7762bb9-7b12-5de8-9229-1709c65af206)

Talking to people (#ulink_eaf906d7-61e8-531a-825a-25259c7870f3)

Hello/goodbye, yes/no (#ulink_312a0699-2895-5fcf-bd6d-b5b6abe058fe)

Key phrases (#ulink_4e8feb90-a8da-507d-9fb5-91860e40bd0a)

Signs and notices (#ulink_ab8ee0c7-4a9b-5408-bce6-e79d0d8ba2e0)

Polite expressions (#ulink_f64f1a62-5757-508c-953d-adea2f415867)

Celebrations (#ulink_fe87b20d-c507-5515-9f82-595ba79abea5)

Making friends (#ulink_229da058-3cf7-55f5-84bb-a52a16a2a9d5)

Work (#ulink_1e4f2d5a-29cb-5930-b52d-7b37fa498fcb)

Weather (#ulink_08fe4cfe-d220-5455-a834-39b06809b4d9)

Getting around (#ulink_e58222cf-6246-5cb9-97b0-17b596d10db0)

Asking the way (#ulink_5984d42c-0a4e-539d-a35b-b64ee2bda4b7)

Bus and coach (#ulink_692d4ce4-7ce5-59a5-9fef-ef13d8a7fd3d)

Metro (#ulink_7aca6fda-3cc5-5b1c-a527-8bbdee3095aa)

Train (#ulink_aa30d36a-9702-59ef-927d-7fd8849f9a01)

Taxi (#ulink_0e506b80-08af-59b0-b59f-53dad6dcbf5a)

Boat and ferry (#ulink_59fdb982-d791-5a7e-806f-143754a52d18)

Air travel (#ulink_c52b5233-d1ca-5be5-a6a1-76d4a2e9313e)

Customs control (#ulink_8752fc53-2cd3-53f4-b395-ce4f80afbff8)

Car hire (#ulink_19fccfae-8527-5ef7-9741-4c76eb51c2db)

Driving (#ulink_aac3018e-4fcc-5953-b20f-6bbe91e11ff5)

Petrol (#ulink_7150daf7-bb3d-50c4-951f-e7e1fb10370e)

Breakdown (#ulink_e9911477-a81e-54e2-977c-9d853e0461c6)

Car parts (#ulink_00cf313c-d694-5797-89ee-da39d1c79d56)

Road signs (#ulink_3535835e-a6b7-5171-8f2c-2ecbfa8743ab)

Staying somewhere (#ulink_3a38f089-3a2b-514c-b22b-f7f470d1e5d8)

Hotel (booking) (#ulink_4bb20764-0ed5-5c9e-bbc5-0ac584562f63)

Hotel desk (#ulink_6914b345-1fee-5564-a0a5-5ba10629a68f)

Camping (#ulink_5a9554cf-8ec3-5aae-9f34-4d5f20fde279)

Self-catering (#ulink_11d3cd55-222b-51e5-9b92-574589b6f794)

Shopping (#ulink_53a1a883-ed42-5bee-9865-c40ceaa239d1)

Shopping phrases (#ulink_ab5745ee-1e86-54ec-90d0-97be674567ed)

Shops (#ulink_4cc92a3e-dc26-5120-93da-93398ce2e40e)

Food (general) (#ulink_3b66ebbf-5568-524b-be95-ad4c2efb4ed8)

Food (fruit and veg) (#ulink_1a76b5f0-b3cb-5b5d-9ccb-516c619c3c1e)

Clothes (#ulink_37961b54-4534-56d0-8158-aa9ffc2e117b)

Clothes (articles) (#ulink_57555077-f465-5461-b2c5-8b3fded89fd1)

Maps and guides (#ulink_578246ff-4a16-59e4-b1a8-b676ba53a6f4)

Post office (#ulink_13c89da3-b690-5ca6-8bec-457f64b28dc7)

Technology (#ulink_89c7ad7c-7e04-5308-9ca8-d2d1d438c4a6)

Leisure (#litres_trial_promo)

Sightseeing and tourist office (#litres_trial_promo)

Entertainment (#litres_trial_promo)

Nightlife (#litres_trial_promo)

Out and about (#litres_trial_promo)

Music (#litres_trial_promo)

Sport (#litres_trial_promo)

Communications (#litres_trial_promo)

Telephone and mobile (#litres_trial_promo)

Text messaging (#litres_trial_promo)

E-mail (#litres_trial_promo)

Internet (#litres_trial_promo)

Practicalities (#litres_trial_promo)

Money (#litres_trial_promo)

Paying (#litres_trial_promo)

Luggage (#litres_trial_promo)

Repairs (#litres_trial_promo)

Complaints (#litres_trial_promo)

Problems (#litres_trial_promo)

Emergencies (#litres_trial_promo)

Health (#litres_trial_promo)

Pharmacy (#litres_trial_promo)

Body (#litres_trial_promo)

Doctor (#litres_trial_promo)

Dentist (#litres_trial_promo)

Eating out (#litres_trial_promo)

Eating places (#litres_trial_promo)

In a bar/café (#litres_trial_promo)

Reading the menu (#litres_trial_promo)

In a restaurant (#litres_trial_promo)

Dietary requirements (#litres_trial_promo)

Wines and spirits (#litres_trial_promo)

Menu reader (#litres_trial_promo)

Reference (#litres_trial_promo)

Alphabet (#litres_trial_promo)

Measurements and quantities (#litres_trial_promo)

Numbers (#litres_trial_promo)

Days and months (#litres_trial_promo)

Time (#litres_trial_promo)

Time phrases (#litres_trial_promo)

Public holidays (#litres_trial_promo)

Phonetic map (#litres_trial_promo)

Grammar (#litres_trial_promo)

Dictionary (#litres_trial_promo)




LIFELINE words and phrases (#litres_trial_promo)

About the Publisher (#litres_trial_promo)


Pronouncing Spanish (#ulink_3d362ba5-7f39-5f6f-a653-5098d1a669f2)

Spelling and pronouncing Spanish are easy once you know the few basic rules. This book has been designed so that as you read the pronunciation of the phrases, you can follow the Spanish. This will help you to recognize the different sounds and give you a feeling for the rhythm of the language.

In Spanish, vowels have only one sound. When you find two together, pronounce both of them in quick succession, as in aceite a-they-te (see note below about pronouncing ce).

You can use this as a guide to pronouncing vowels:

a sounds like a(as in apple)

e sounds like e(as in ever)

i sounds like ee(as in even)

o sounds like o(as in shop)

u sounds like oo (as in zoo)

The syllable to be stressed is marked in bold in the pronunciation. Here are a few rules you should know:








h is silent: hora o-ra, hola o-la.

r is rolled and rr even more so.

Note that the th sound in ce and ci is pronounced like in the English word thing. Similarly, the sounds for ge and gi can be tricky to grasp. You can think of kh as in the English words her and he, with strong emphasis on the h.


Top ten tips (#ulink_77ac224c-29d6-5e5d-9f65-013d176a8127)

1 Greet people with a ‘Buenos días’ or ‘Buenas tardes’ on entering a lift, as it’s rude not to acknowledge them.

2 Spain is not a queuing country: people tend not to queue at bus stops. In places such as shops, banks, markets, etc., people ask ‘¿quién es el último?’ which means ‘who is the last one in the queue?’

3 When addressing elders or people you have been just introduced to, use the polite ‘Usted’ mode of address.

4 Having a ‘siesta’ in the middle of the day is no longer a common tradition. Although some shops, businesses and schools do still close for a couple of hours in the middle of the day, people are generally too busy to have a nap.

5 Taking up spare seats at a table that’s already occupied is not common.

6 Spanish people do not make a habit of saying ‘sorry’, ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ – it is implied in the tone of voice. It is a cultural thing, so don’t think they are being rude!

7 When you enter a restaurant or a home where people are eating, it’s polite to say ‘que aproveche’, meaning ‘enjoy your meal’.

8 Spaniards may speak very loudly, and are often unaware of the fact! It is a cultural trait and does not imply anger or any other emotion.

9 Expect to be interrupted when speaking!

10 Going for ‘tapas’ is a popular Spanish tradition which involves going from bar to bar and enjoying a small dish of something to accompany your drink. These little tasters are often brought as a free complement to a drink.


Talking to people (#ulink_a37ca7da-4e1b-5313-8fe0-0c770a9a14a4)


Hello/goodbye, yes/no (#ulink_f977bcab-8c62-5c14-b5a4-41fc308f2b1a)

The word for Mr is Señor (se-nyor) and for Mrs/Ms Señora (se-nyo-ra).







Key phrases (#ulink_5c860530-9edc-57fe-ae36-e734629c81ce)

When asking for something in a shop or bar, you would ask for what you want, then add por favor.







Signs and notices (#ulink_594c717a-9704-5083-9926-9ede6b8b0870)







Polite expressions (#ulink_086a9cc1-1fcd-54dc-a764-40fe6f68e487)

There are two forms of address in Spanish: polite (usted) and familiar (tú). You should always stick to the polite form until you are invited to tutear (use the familiar tú).







Celebrations (#ulink_66175554-c787-5dbc-a39a-7de4465a9574)

Traditional Christmas celebrations mainly take place on the night of Nochebuena (Christmas Eve). Presents are traditionally given on el Día de Reyes (6th January) but due to ever-increasing foreign influence some people also give presents on Christmas Day. On Nochevieja (New Year’s Eve) people take to the streets to welcome in the New Year. After midnight they attend parties known as cotillones.







Making friends (#ulink_d4a056db-1fbf-57ec-a606-ad1aab46fe7f)

In this section we have used the familiar tú for the questions.

FACE TO FACE

¿Cómo te llamas?

¿ko-mo te lya-mas?

What’s your name?

Me llamo…

me lya-mo…

My name is…

¿De dónde eres?

¿de donde e-res?

Where are you from?

Soy escocés (escocesa), de Glasgow

soy es-ko-thes (es-ko-the-sa), de glasgow

I’m Scottish, from Glasgow

Encantado(a) de conocerte

en-kan-ta-do(a) de ko-no-thair-te

Pleased to meet you







Work (#ulink_58fe4272-42bf-5a26-9191-b8f550aa41bc)







Weather (#ulink_fb0a9837-4293-51b6-a8bf-6dc0ce82bd7a)












Getting around (#ulink_1e7b1f44-ef0c-517d-9d77-e5ad10afdb2c)


Asking the way (#ulink_22eccf92-5de6-5148-99bf-5bf87e96c6ac)








FACE TO FACE

Oiga, señor/señora, ¿cómo se va a la estación?

oyga, se-nyor/se-nyo-ra, ¿ko-mo se ba a la es-ta-thyon?

Excuse me, how do I get to the station?

Siga recto, después de la iglesia gire a la derecha/izquierda

seega rekto, despwes de la ee-gle-sya kheere a la de-re-cha/eeth-kyair-da

Keep straight on, after the church turn right/left

¿Está lejos? ¿esta le-khos?

Is it far?

No, a doscientos metros/cinco minutos

no, a dos-thyen-tos me-tros/theenko mee-noo-tos

No, 200 metres/five minutes

Gracias!gra-thyas! Thank you!

De nada

de na-da

You’re welcome












Bus and coach (#ulink_24e9ce12-a81b-5727-8d50-148113f2daef)

The word for bus is el autobús but a coach is el autocar. A bonobús card is usually valid for 10 journeys and must be stamped on board the bus. Bonobús is the general term for a travel card but some cities have a different name for these (Madrid = metrobús, Barcelona = T-10). Public transport is usually free for children under 4. In most cities, children over 4 pay the full adult fare, with the occasional discount if you have purchased a tourist pass.

FACE TO FACE

Oiga, ¿qué autobús va al centro?

oyga, ¿ke ow-to-boos ba al thentro?

Excuse me, which bus goes to the centre?

El número quince

el noo-me-ro keenthe

Number fifteen

¿Dónde está la parada?

¿donde esta la pa-ra-da?

Where is the bus stop?

Allí, a la derecha

a-lyee, a la de-re-cha

There, on the right

¿Dónde puedo comprar un bonobús?

¿donde pwe-do komprar oon bo-no-boos?

Where can I buy a bonobus card?

En el kiosko

en el kee-os-ko

At the news-stand












Metro (#ulink_d3d16847-7274-5fb3-80b0-0fea54dc43cc)

You can buy un billete múltiple (known as metrobús in Madrid or T-10 in Barcelona), which is valid for 10 journeys. Alternatively, you can buy un abono de transporte, which covers a month’s travel on bus and metro. Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Seville and Valencia are currently the only Spanish cities with a metro system.












Train (#ulink_f953e814-2953-502b-87a7-c51bf8c45c5b)

High-speed train tickets can seem a bit confusing. On an AVE train there are three travel classes: Club (equivalent to business class), Preferente (also equivalent to business class) and Turista (equivalent to economy class). Then, there are four types of fares that apply to each class: Promo (the fare with the most restrictions), Promo+ (which offers big discounts), Tarifa 4 Mesa (for four people travelling together and sharing seats around the same table) and Flexible (the fare with the least number of restrictions). A useful website is www.renfe.es.








FACE TO FACE

¿A qué hora es el próximo tren para…?

¿a ke o-ra es el prok-see-mo tren pa-ra…?

When is the next train to…?

A las cinco y diez

a las theenko ee dyeth

At 17.10

Querría tres billetes, por favor

ke-rree-a tres bee-lye-tes, por fa-bor

I’d like three tickets, please

¿Sencillos o de ida y vuelta?

¿sen-thee-lyos o de eeda ee bwelta?

Single or return?







Taxi (#ulink_ebc7de01-2eb1-50f1-87c9-2cbbc9e48672)

In most places, taxis are plentiful, reliable and not very expensive. The meter should be running unless there is a fixed fare (as is the case from some airports). Fare supplements may be added to the meter price for journeys at night, at weekends or for station/airport departures. Prices should be displayed on the inside window of the taxi.







Boat and ferry (#ulink_a08c526b-fa26-52a7-81f3-a00f3e4d2515)












Air travel (#ulink_760304ac-c33c-5299-b0b9-bd9612081235)

The top three major Spanish airports are Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas, Aeropuerto Barcelona-El Prat and Aeropuerto de Palma de Mallorca.












Customs control (#ulink_03c5642e-1498-5d6b-9236-5be280bd8f97)

Flights between countries belonging to the Schengen Agreement are considered as domestic. Passengers taking those flights will not be subject to immigration controls on arrival or departure. The UK is not part of this, so arrivals from the UK are subject to immigration controls.












Car hire (#ulink_b7e853e0-eb40-5538-86db-570bdc99dbfa)

Car rental companies in Spain can set a minimum age for hiring a car (usually 21 or 23, depending on the company and type of vehicle). When you go to hire the car, most companies will ask for a valid credit card where a temporary deposit will be charged.

















Driving (#ulink_9852322f-a092-56ba-9f58-dae79f3cc2b6)

The speed limits in Spain are 30 km/h or 50 km/h in built-up areas, 90 km/h on ordinary roads and 120 km/h on autovías (dual carriageways) and autopistas (motorways). Most motorways are toll paying (de peaje). Payment is due on completion of each section. Be aware of the existence of radares de velocidad (speed cameras/checkers) located throughout the country.







Petrol (#ulink_52435971-de8e-525f-9e17-d8b002d75009)

Unleaded petrol pumps are always coloured green. Diesel petrol pumps are always coloured black. You will find manned and unmanned petrol stations.

















Breakdown (#ulink_07064cb8-7b43-51d8-a69f-53b376295b4f)

The main breakdown company in Spain is RACE. If you have an accident, dial 112, the free emergency number.







Car parts (#ulink_b01ebb3d-c628-509b-9906-5487271954a7)












Road signs (#ulink_394f2e2e-26a7-5834-ad02-7588a39f1cad)






danger






dangerous bends






spaces






full






give way











no parking






no stopping






one way






end of right of way






dual carriageway






motorway


Staying somewhere (#ulink_cd5494a0-fd44-51d4-8abe-7d1f79124171)


Hotel (booking) (#ulink_715d047b-a894-55ff-a49b-69f64122df02)

FACE TO FACE

Querría reservar una habitación individual/doble

ke-rree-a re-sair-bar oona a-bee-ta-thyon een-dee-bee-dwal/do-ble

I’d like to book a single/double room

¿Para cuántas noches?

¿pa-ra kwantas no-ches?

For how many nights?

Para una noche/…noches; del … al…

pa-ra oona no-che/…no-ches; del … al…

For one night/…nights; from … till…












Hotel desk (#ulink_ffd5a6e3-c077-543c-a40d-75c7ccdc6242)

You may be required to fill in a registration form and give your passport number.







Camping (#ulink_32b510b2-33bd-5c00-835c-792bcff1ca62)

Local tourist offices should have una guía de campings (a campsite guide) with prices.







Self-catering (#ulink_59302f91-fcf4-548c-9dca-3132deff5cd7)

If you arrive with no accommodation and want to go self-catering, look for signs Alquiler de Apartamentos (apartments for rent).







Shopping (#ulink_5375358b-f5bc-5ad3-85c4-b2796a5f9a5d)


Shopping phrases (#ulink_3c131dc4-ab04-559f-8c52-95137f687757)

Most shops close for lunch around 1.30 p.m. to 5 p.m. and stay open till about 8 p.m. Department stores remain open all day.












Shops (#ulink_4f9fa19e-33f0-56d8-b5d1-6bb616cbe2eb)












Food (general) (#ulink_25285712-517d-5c61-bb25-cc36097175c0)







Food (fruit and veg) (#ulink_d9277445-d0e8-5ebd-930a-fa8b476e3799)

Fruit








Vegetables







Clothes (#ulink_6e0aecb8-72f8-55f5-8e7e-ef84de34a994)








FACE TO FACE

¿Puedo probármelo? ¿pwe-do pro-bar-me-lo?

May I try this on?

Sí, los probadores están allí

see, los pro-ba-do-res estan a-lyee

Yes, the changing rooms are over there

¿Tiene una talla pequeña/mediana/grande/extra grande?

¿tye-ne oona ta-lya pe-ke-nya/me-dya-na/grande/ekstra grande?

Do you have a small/medium/large/extra large size?







Clothes (articles) (#ulink_b2ed1cca-bfdc-5cf3-983c-cb81438c4ea5)







Maps and guides (#ulink_49dda0b7-13ed-5182-8719-f103ee5f974c)







Post office (#ulink_241494aa-e1c7-598e-b50d-3e58bcff0cf8)

Post offices in city centres generally open from 8.30 a.m. to 8.30 p.m. Monday to Friday, and from 9.30 a.m. to 2 p.m. on Saturdays. Elsewhere, they are open from 8.30 a.m. to 2.30 p.m. Monday to Friday and 9.30 a.m. to 2 p.m. on Saturdays.












Technology (#ulink_b44b24e8-92e0-5e44-b8cf-69d1c1e82d75)















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